Sultan Abdulaziz followed the reform movements begun in the period of Sultan Abdulmecid I. He organised a new administrative system for the Ottoman provinces. The Kadilik Kurumu (Judges of Islam) was put under control. On 1^st of April, 1868 Sura-yi Devlet (Council of State), in 1870, Divan-i Muhasebat (Exchequer and Audit Department) were established. Moreover, education, transportation and financial issues were organised.

Sultan Abdulaziz modernised the Navy too. In 1875, in the Ottoman Navy, there were 21 battleships and 173 non-armoured ships. The naval forces had been emerged by, 50.000.000 marines, 700 officers, 173 higher ranked officers, 11 vice-admirals, 6 cor-admirals, and 3 admirals. In this manner the Ottoman Navy was the third navy of the world after, English and French navies.

Sultan Abdulaziz I reigned for 14 years, 11 months and five days. In the first years of his sultanate he supported the constitutional government but later his ideas were changed and he used force against the constitutional government sympathisers. At first, he sympathised the reformist writers and poets as Sinasi, Namik Kemal and Ziya Pasha but in the following years he exiled Namik Kemal to Cyprus. The supporters of a constitutional government effected the public opinion, Mithat Pasha incited the university students and they protest against the Sultan 0n 10^th of May, 1876. In May, 30 Huseyin Avni Pasha and his soldiers raided the palace and dethroned the Sultan.

Four days after his dethroning, Sultan Abdulaziz had died. Although, it was said that he committed suicide by cutting his wrists, there are evidences about a possible murder (04.06.1876).