Shah Ismail the son of Shah Tahmasb, ignored the peace treaties
singed with the Ottoman Empire. Some Emirates depended to the Ottoman Empire favoured Shah
Ismail, and Sultan Murad commanded the Governor of Van to reconcile the peace in that
region. The Governor of Luristan (Iran) took refuge to the Ottoman Empire and the
relations with Iran had been ruined.
Meanwhile, Shah Ismail had died and throne rivalry was
began. The Governor of Van, declared that, an attack to Iran should be made by benefiting
from the disorder in Iran. Grand Vizier Sokollu Mehmed Pasha was against the war but,
Sinan Pasha and Lala Mustafa Pasha were desiring to command the army in the campaign.
The war was declared in spite of the oppositions of Sokollu Mehmed Pasha and the first
stage of the war took 12 years between 1577 and 1589. Turkish troops commanded by
Ozdemiroglu Osman Pasha, had defeated the Persian forces in Cildir and invaded the whole
Georgia. Tiflis became an Ottoman federation in 1578, Sirvan was annexed into Ottoman
territories in the same years.
Under these circumstances Iran requested a peace treaty. In
March 21, 1590 the treaty of Ferhad Pasha was signed in Istanbul. According to this
treaty; Kars, Tabriz, Gence, Sehrizur (Azerbaycan, Georgia, Northern Caucus, Daghestan)
remained in Ottoman territories.
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