While Soliman I was victoriously campaigning in Europe, many revolts in Anatolia had began. In Iran Akkoyunlu State came to an end but it was replaced by the state of Saffavies. It became a threat for Ottomans. Soliman I went on his firs campaign to Iran after he provided the peace in Europe temporarily by the Treaty of Istanbul. Ssffavies’ antagonist policies to the Ottomans and provocation of the Shii community(an Islamic sect), were the reasons of this campaign. Tebriz, Azerbayjan, Hamedan were invaded. Also Baghdad was captured by the campaign of Iraq (1534).

Shah Tahmas of the Safavie benefited from Sultan Soliman’s Austria campaign and captured Tebriz, Nahcivan and Van. After that Soliman I decided to campaign through Iran for the second time. He returned back to Istanbul victoriously (1548). However, Suffavies attacked again in 1553. The enemy forwarded in Anatolia and came to Mus (Eastern Anatolia) and besieged Erzurum. As a result, Sultan Soliman went on his third campaign to Iran. Revan, Nahcivan and Karabag were captured. Shah Tahmash who was in a difficult situation surrendered and Amasya Peace treaty was signed (1555).

With this treaty the problem of Iran which was continuing in since the time of Sultna Selim I was solved. The Eastern Anatolia, Tebriz and Baghdad were left to the Ottomans. The Treaty of Amasya was the first formal treaty between the Ottoman Empire and Iran. Also it was the first religious peace which was made in Islam World.