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Uzun Hasan was born
in Diyarbakir, in 1423. Cihangir ascended to the Akkoyunlu throne following his father
Ali’s dead. Uzun Hasan dethroned his brother Cihangir and replaced him. He married
Katherina Despina the daughter of Trabzon Greek Emperor. He promised to protect Trabzon
from Ottoman attacks. Uzun Hasan sent an ambassador to Istanbul and wanted to be forgiven
from the tax the Greek Emperor paid for Kars region. Sultan Mehmed the Conqueror refused
him and began his Trabzon campaign, in the spring of 1461. The Emperor David Komnenos
failed to defend his lands and surrendered on 26th October 1461.
Uzun Hasan planned to extend his
territories through Georgia, Syria, and Azerbaycan. He defeated the Karakoyunlu Sultan
Cihan Shah. With his successful campaigns Hasan extended his territories through Iran,
Armenia, and an important part of Mesopotamia. The next step was to raid on the Ottoman
lands. He incited Karakoyunlu Sultan Pir Ahmed and Kasim Bey against the Ottoman Empire
and with an sudden attack he invaded, in 1472. In addition Akkoyunlu commander Yusuf Mirza
occupied Kayseri, Karaman, Hamideli regions. Sultan Mehmed the Conqueror decided to
abolish Uzun Hasan’s state being a threaten for the Ottoman sovereign. In Otlukbeli on
11th August 1473, two rival states came across and Uzun Hasan was defeated by
the strong Ottoman Army he withdrew to Iran. The capital of the Akkoyunlu State transfered
to Tabriz. Hasan died in Tabriz, in 1478. |
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