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Enver Pasha was born, in Istanbul, in 1881. He was
educated in Sogukcesme Askeri Rustiyesi (Military High School). In 1899, he graduated from
the Military Academy with infantry lieutenant rank, and in 1903 was ranked as staff
captain. He joined the third army corps in Salonica. He was promoted, major in 1906. He
joined Ittihat ve Terakki Cemiyeti (The Party of Union and Progress). He became a member
of this party and endeared himself.
After the declaration of Mesrutiyet II
(Constitution II), he returned to Istanbul. He was designated as the General Inspector to
Macedonia and then to Berlin Embassy. He joined to the Operation Army in the 31 March
event. Enver Pasha as the commander of Iskodra front, successfully suppressed the Italian
attack and he was promoted with lieutenant colonel rank, in 1912. In 23rd
January 1913, he joined the Babiali Attack, which was organised by Ittihat
ve Terakki Cemiyeti (The Party of Union and Progress). He forced Grand Vizier Kamil Pasha
to resign. Thus, The Party of Union and Progress took the control of the government. Enver
Pasha played an important role in the recapture of Edirne by the Ottomans and he was given
colonel rank and then brigadier general because of his success. Enver Pasha was attended
to be the Harbiye Naziri (the Minister of War) by grand vizier Sait Halim Pasha’s
government, in 1914. He married the daughter of Sehzade (prince) Suleyman. He renovated
the military system, and imposed German style instead of French style. He had an important
role in Ottoman-German alliance in the World War I. After, the Ottoman State was defeated
in the First World War, Enver Pasha and the other members of the Party of Union and
Progress were exiled. They went to Odessa, and then to Berlin, and at last to Russia.
Although Enver Pasha wanted to join to the National War in Anatolia, he was rejected. He
joined the Oriental Nations conference in Bacu, in September, 1920, and he established the
Turkey Council Party in Batum and tried to establish the Turkistan State. But, he defeated
by the Russian forces. He died in 4th August 1922, in Tajikistan, near Belcivan
in a war, he was buried in Cegen village. |
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