The last Ottoman Parliament was opened, on 12^th January 1920, in Istanbul; as result of the concerned decisions of the congresses held by Mustafa Kemal and his close friends. The Anatolian and Roumelian Defend Committees elected members and sent them to Istanbul. As they gained the majority of the Ottoman Parliament, they became influential in the administration. Unfortunately, either the sultan or the ally forces occupying the empire did not approve their influence, as the policies the new members carried were opposing their benefits. Also, Mustafa Kemal was aware of the fact that, under these circumstances, this parliament could not have continued for long. But, they should have assembled for the benefits of the state.

After the occupation of Istanbul, on 16^th March 1920; many members of the parliament were arrested and the parliament was interrupted on 18^th March 1920. The sultan closed the parliament completely, on 11^th April 1920.

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